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Faces of Korea: Chugugi Rain Gauge

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저작자 미상 (저작물 2267374 건)

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공표년도

창작년도

2007-03-15

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요약정보

To get the most accurate weather forecasts‚ the supercomputer at Korea's weather agency makes observations 'round the clock.
Among all of nature's phenomena‚ weather has one of the greatest influences on our lives.
In ages past‚ people also tried to observe and forecast the weather.
And today‚ some of history's important meteorological relics can be found… in Korea.
King Sejong‚ fourth monarch of the Joseon Dynasty‚ produced brilliant achievements in many fields… spanning literature and culture to economy and science.
In the sciences‚ one of his most-recognized inventions was the rain gauge called chugugi in Korean.
"Chugugi was invented in 1441‚ the 23rd year of King Sejong's rule. The scientific development of its time‚ it held its own for the duration of the 15th century."
Chugugi is an instrument used to measure rainfall.
Measuring 43 centimeters deep and 17 centimeters across‚ the gauge provided a scientific measurement of rainfall.
One historical document points to the origin of this invention.
The text‚ called the "True Record of the Joseon Dynasty‚" describes a prince who worried about drought.
At that time‚ rainfall was measured by digging to see how far the moisture had soaked the earth.
However‚ this was not accurate enough.
So the king ordered equipment made from copper to be installed in the royal court for this purpose.
At a time when farming was the economic mainstay‚ droughts and floods could destroy a whole harvest of crops.
For villages and their families‚ a correct rainfall reading added up to a matter of survival.
"At that time‚ during the Joseon Dynasty‚ farming was a way of life. So‚ the nationwide distribution of rainfall and drought influenced people's lives and their harvests."
This small country‚ known as Joseon‚ invented the world's first Chugugi in the year 1441 and right away its people put it to good use.
According to historical records‚ Korea's Chugugi was invented 200 years before Italy's.
It's 198 years to be precise.
Measurement of rainfall had been well in place for about 100 years following King Sejong's reign.
But during the Japanese invasion of Korea in 1592‚ the Chugugi system was largely destroyed.
In its place came the watermark.
The watermark was a two-and-a-half meter wooden pole with graduations to mark water height.
When placed in the Han River and Cheonggyecheon Stream‚ it was used to measure water levels.
This watermark was invented during King Sejong's reign.
The invention of Chugugi and watermark contributed significantly to the growth in the meteorological industry.
"The world's first thermometer was invented in 1641. Two years later‚ in 1643‚ a rain gauge was invented‚ but Korea's Chugugi came about 250 years before that‚ in 1441‚ a fact important to the world of meteorology."
King Sejong made great strides in measuring and controlling natural phenomena.
The Chugugi is one such achievement‚ a product of Koreans' creative ideas.
Reporter : sarah@arirang.co.kr

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